In postgraduate examination, objective structured practical/clinical examination (OSPE/OSCE) is not a new concept globally. It was first developed in University of Dundee (Dundee, Scotland) in the early 1975 by Dr Harden and his colleagues. After some modification, it was described in detail in 1979. This method was the subject of an international conference in Ottawa, Canada in 1985 and experiences were exchanged about OSPE and OSCE.

The scarcity on this topic, encouraged me to write a book about OSPE in my subject because I am involved in examination system since 2010 step-by-step as Supervisor, Assessor, Observer, and Moderator of the OSPE station. This is the 2nd edition of this book, and it contains 390 OSPE questions/answers. The book is not only helpful for their OSPE/OSCE examination, but also the problem-based questions will help them in written as well as in viva examination (includes 80 problem-based questions/answers in 2nd chapter, in addition to that most chapters contain some problem-based questions).

There are some images in each chapter such as Biometry, A-scan, visual field analysis, optical coherence tomography (OCT), Electro-oculography (EOG), color fundus photographs, B-scan, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), X-ray, CT scan, MRI, etc. and these are very important tools in viva board.

Lastly, I can say this book is not only helpful for OSPE/OSCE examination, but also in written and viva-voce examinations.

Chapter-16 have videos.